2026-06-08T19:38:39+03:30 http://joge.ir/browse.php?mag_id=26&slc_lang=fa&sid=1

26-551 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 Masoud Karimi karimeim@sums.ac.ir Masoumi H hmasoomi1357@gmail.com Mohammad Hossein Sharifi sharifimh@sums.ac.ir mahsa yarelahi mahsa.yar@yahoo.com Introduction: The Mediterranean diet plays an essential role in maintaining older adults’ health and their quality of life (QOL). However, the older adults living in countries outside of the Mediterranean region face difficulties in adhering to the diet. This study aimed to investigate Mediterranean diet adherence and related factors among older women. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 130 older women living in Shiraz in 2019. Samples were selected by two-stage cluster sampling from comprehensive health centers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a demographic information questionnaire, Mediterranean diet adherence questionnaire, Lipad quality of life questionnaire, and two researcher-made questionnaires on nutritional attitude and nutritional knowledge. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 25 at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the elderly in the present study was 63.95 ± 3.44. According to the results, 19.2% of participants had low adherence, 66.2% had moderate adherence, and 14.6% had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. There was a significant negative correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with age (r = - 0.24, p <0.01), and diastolic blood pressure (r = - 0.31, p <0.05) and showed a significant positive correlation with education (r = 0.20, p <0.05) and QOL (r = 0.34, p <0.001). Conclusion: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Iranian women elderly was not at a desirable level. In addition, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was correlated with the QOL of the older adults, so interventions are needed that increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet to improve the quality of life of Iranian women elderly. Elderly Nutrition Mediterranean diet Female Quality of life 2022 11 01 1 13 http://joge.ir/article-1-551-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.1

26-586 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 Leila Aliali Seyed Sadrodin Shojaodin shojaedin1970@gmail.com Soleymanfallah M.A Introduction: Impaired balance is one of the consequences of aging that causes disruption and inability to function in these people and also causes the elderly to fall. All of this increases the importance of preventing the risk of falls for the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and persistence of Otago exercise program on balance, cardiovascular endurance and lower limb strength in elderly women with a history of falls. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and survival phase, in which 30 elderly women aged 60 to 70 years were randomly divided into two equal experimental groups of 15 people in Otago and control group (15 people). The experimental group performed Otago exercises (8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 45 minutes per session). Before and after 8 weeks of training and one month after training, in order to measure balance, cardiovascular endurance and lower limb strength of the subjects, respectively, from Y test, , The 6-minute walk test and the 30-second standing-up test were measured. In the inferential statistics section, analysis of variance with repeated measures at a significance level of 95% (P <0.05) was used to analyze the data.  Results: The results showed that in the experimental group there was a significant difference in the scores obtained between the pre-test and post-test groups in balance, cardiovascular endurance and lower limb strength (p≥0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the control group for all three variables (p≥0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the Otago training group significantly improves balance, cardiovascular endurance and lower limb strength in the elderly. Therefore, Otago exercises can be used to reduce the risk of falls and improve postural control in the elderly.   Elderly Balance Otago 2022 11 01 14 24 http://joge.ir/article-1-586-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.14

26-598 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 Nasim Khajavian Ali Mohammad Mokhtari Behrooz Hosseinpour Roghayeh Eslami Fatemeh Hosseini Moghaddam Faezeh saadabadi Maryam Moradi Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in the daily routine and lifestyle of people around the world, including the elderly experiencing a wide range of challenges, especially psychological problems, so the present study aims to examine sleep quality and related factors Designed for the elderly in the city of Gonabad during the Covid-19 pandemic, 2021. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 400 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools were a two-part questionnaire including the first part of the demographic information questionnaire and the second part of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Samples were selected randomly. Data were collected by telephone (due to illness) from community health centers and health centers. Data were analyzed using software (SPSS) using descriptive and inferential statistics with a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: In the present study, the mean and standard deviation of age of participants was 66.35 ± 5.52 and 71% of the elderly had poor sleep quality. Findings showed that between social media type (P<0.001), time of using social media (P<0.001), education (P= 0.04), job (P=0.04), residence (P<0.001) and history of sleeping pills (P<0.002) had a significant association with sleep quality.  Conclusions: According to the research findings, the quality of sleep of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic was very low, so due to the effects of poor sleep quality in the elderly, it seems necessary to adopt strategies related to the treatment of sleep problems in the Covid-19 pandemic.   Elderly sleep quality associated factors COVID – 19 2022 11 01 25 36 http://joge.ir/article-1-598-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.25

26-582 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 Mahshid Yarahmadi tahere dehdari dehdari.t@iums.ac.ir vahidreza Borhaninejad Jamile Abolghasemi Objectives: Aging is the best stage for human excellence and ultimately reflects human maturity. Existential anxiety is one of the most important emotions that plays a vital role in different stages of development and most importantly in old age and is due to the individual's understanding of his/her being and existence, limitations, bottlenecks and consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between gerotranscendence and existential anxiety in the elderly in Kerman in 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) was conducted in 2021. The study sample included 200 elderly people over 60 years old who referred to primary health care facilities of Kerman. In this study, to collect data, the short form of Gerotranscendence Scale which had 10 items and three subscales and also Existential Anxiety Scale which had 13 items were used. 18 questionnaires were excluded due to incomplete information. Finally, the data of 182 questionnaires were analyzed by SSPS (version 22) statistical software and Spearman correlation, Mann- Whitney U and Kruskal -Wallis H. Results: The results showed that there was significant correlation between integration (of the dimensions of Gerotranscendence) dimension with existential anxiety (p = 0.008, r = 0.197). There were significant relationships between participants, age, educational level or health status and the mean score of gerotranscendence of them. Also, there was a statistically significant relationship between the scores of existential anxiety of the participants and their occupation status. Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that the dimension of integration has a significant inverse relationship with existential anxiety. Psychological interventions to reduce the existential anxiety of the elderly need to focus more on improving the integration dimension.   Gerotranscendence existential anxiety aging 2022 11 01 37 44 http://joge.ir/article-1-582-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.37

26-596 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 hafez safari hafezsafari1991@gmail.com seyedabdolmajid bahrainian majid.bahrainian@gmail.com mohammad hassan ghanifar ghanifar@iaubir.ac.ir Introduction: Health anxiety is one of the common mental problems during the Covid-19 epidemic. Considering the physical vulnerability of the elderly and their awareness of this issue, this problem can be more common in this age group and affect their mental health. The present study was conducted with the purpose of determining the level of Health anxiety and related factors to it in recovered hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19. Methods: This study was a descriptive-correlational research and the statistical population was all elderly people with a history of being infected with Covid-19 and subsequent hospitalization in Shohada hospital in Sarpole Zahab, Kermanshah province. 198 elderly people were randomly selected from the list of hospitalized patients and were examined by completing the Salkovskis et al. short health anxiety inventory and demographic characteristics questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software and using Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test and Cramer’s V, Kendall’s Tau C correlation coefficients. Results: The results showed that 31.31% of the elderly suffered from high health anxiety and more than half of the elderly population (58.07%) experienced moderate to high health anxiety. There was a significant relationship between the demographic variables of sex (P=0.001), age (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.001), history of chronic disease (P=0.015) and the level of physical activity (P<0.001) with the level of health anxiety (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Health anxiety is prevalent among recovered hospitalized elderly patients with COVID-19. Providing the mental health of this group of the elderly, along with their physical health, should be considered during the current epidemic. Adequate physical activity can play a protective role in this regard.   COVID-19 Aged Anxiety Chronic Disease 2022 11 01 45 55 http://joge.ir/article-1-596-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.45

26-587 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 Zhale Zandieh zhzandie@gmail.com Farahnaz Mohammadi-Shahboulaghi mohammadifarahnaz@gmail.com Mohsen Vahedi mohsenvahedi540@gmail.com Mohammad Nazari mohamad.nazari7127@gmail.com Introduction: One of the problems that significantly affects the quality of life and health of the elderly is elder abuse, which is usually not reported. The present study was conducted in order to examine the relationship between the possibility of elder abuse and the care burden of caregivers in elderly people with informal caregivers referring to selected hospitals in Tehran. Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted in 2020 on 370 elderly people who is cognitively or functionally dependent and has a resident family caregiver living in Tehran with family caregivers who were chosen as available samples from outpatients to daily clinics of selected hospitals. Interviews with the elderly and caregivers in outpatient clinics were used to obtain data on abuse, care burden, and demographic factors. The Elderly Abuse by caregivers Questionnaire was used to measure elder abuse, and the Zarit Questionnaire in Persian was employed to assess the burden of care. In this study, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and percentages were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to check the correlation between variables and the relationship between quantitative variables from ANOVA test. All related analyzes were performed using SPSS v.25 software. And probability value less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significance. Results: The average age of caregivers and elderly was 47.04 ± 12.76 and 69.39 ± 8.54 years, respectively. In this study, the average probability of elder abuse by the caregiver was 66.5 and the average care burden of caregivers was 48.3. This study showed that there is a significant relationship between the possibility of elder abuse and care burden (P<0.001). The demographic variables of gender, education, employment and marital status of the caregiver were not significant with the possibility of elder abuse, but the difference of the economic status variable of the caregiver with the possibility of elder abuse was significant (P<0.01). Also, no significant relationship was found between the variables of gender, marital status, and employment of the elderly with the possibility of elder abuse, but a significant relationship was found with the variables of education status and economic status (P<0.01). There was no significant relationship between the duration of disability and the possibility of elder abuse. Conclusion: The present study reports the high probability of elder abuse towards the elderly under the pressure of caregivers' care, so this highlights the need for timely and continuous attention from the organizations related to this social issue in order to avoid situations that can lead to an increase in the care burden of caregivers and create Identify, control and prevent the occurrence of elder abuse.   elderly elder abuse caregiver burden of care 2022 11 01 56 67 http://joge.ir/article-1-587-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.56

26-592 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 ghazale khalighi alavi2000@yahoo.com Yadola Abolfathi Mumtaz ftehranifar@sbmu.ac.ir Mahshid Foroughan Fatemeh Tehrani Far ftehranifar@sbmu.ac.ir Introduction: Developing a negative attitude towards the elderly in the family and society can cause misbehavior towards them; therefore, improving the attitude towards the elderly will have positive effects on their health and quality of life. In the current research, an attempt has been made to investigate effect of a nursing home visit program on students' attitudes about the nursing home. Method: The present experimental study was conducted on 66 female students, seventh grade, in two groups of control and intervention by random block sampling in Tehran in 2016. The intervention group had a plan to visit nursing homes. Before visiting and meeting with the elderly, the intervention group students were given training on aging, elderly people and nursing homes, and how to communicate with the elderly was also explained. Then the program of visiting the old people's home was implemented. 4 weeks after the implementation of the intervention, the attitude survey questionnaire was completed again by both groups (103-105). Data collection was done with a researcher-made questionnaire in two sections: demographic information and students' attitudes. Students' attitudes were measured before and after the intervention in both groups. Data were measured using SPSS 23 software and independent t, paired t, Man-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. Result: In the intervention group, there was a significant difference in the level of "attitude towards the elderly" before (16.13) and after the intervention (17.58) (P>0.001); But in the control group, the steps before (14.70) and after the intervention (14.96) did not show statistically significant difference (P>0.05). "Attitude towards the nursing home" in the intervention group, the scores before the intervention (21.61) compared to after the intervention (22.88), there was a statistically significant difference, and in the control group, no statistically significant difference was observed before and after the intervention. "Attitude towards leaving parents to nursing homes" in intervention and control groups; before and after the intervention, no significant statistical difference was observed (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Visiting the nursing home had a positive effect on the students' attitudes towards the elderly and the nursing home, but it did not affect towards leaving parents to the nursing home.   Attitude Aged Nursing Homes Social Communication 2022 11 01 68 78 http://joge.ir/article-1-592-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.68

26-605 2026-06-08 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2022 7 3 halime kori Mohammadi F mohammadifarahnaz@gmail.com mohammadali hosseini mahmaimy2020@gmal.com maryam torabian mtorabian201@gmail.com Vahedi mohsen mo.vahedi@uswr.ac.ir Zandie zhaleh zhzandie@gmail.com Introduction: Elderly people often suffer from sleep disorders and to solve it, the elderly often suffers from sleep disorders and seek more help from medication. While non-pharmacological methods, including light therapy, as one of the non-invasive methods, can have an effective role on the sleep-wake cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of light therapy on the quality of sleep of elderly referring to Rofeideh Clinic in Tehran. Methods: This study was conducted during one year of pre-test-post-test of a group of 30 elderly people who referred to Rafideh Clinic, using the sampling method to access the conditions among those eligible to enter the study in 2022. The light therapy intervention was performed for 60 minutes a day, between 8-10 AM and on sunny days for 30 consecutive days. Data were collected through demographic questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire and cognitive test questionnaire. SPSS version 25 software and Yeoman-Whitney, Shapiro-Wilk, independent t, paired t, Wilcoxon, one-way variance, Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used to analyze the data at a significant level (P<0.05). Results: The average (standard deviation) of sleep quality before and after the intervention was 11 (±3.38) and 7.60 (±2.53), respectively, and the sleep status of 100% of the elderly before the intervention and 73.3% of them after. It was inappropriate to intervene; The difference between the average sleep quality and the average of all components of sleep quality, including sleep disorders, actual sleep duration, delay in falling asleep, daily functioning disorders, sleep efficiency, subjective quality of sleep (except for the component "the amount of medication use" hypnotic") had a significant difference before and after the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Natural light therapy has an effect on the sleep quality of the elderly, but due to the limitations of the research and the absence of a control group in the current study, and due to the Corona epidemic, one should be cautious in generalizing it to the entire society. Researchers suggest conducting more studies in this field. Phototherapy Sunlight Sleep Quality Elderly. 2022 11 01 79 89 http://joge.ir/article-1-605-en.pdf https://doi.org/10.22034/JOGE.7.3.79