2026-09-09T23:36:20+03:30 http://joge.ir/browse.php?mag_id=34&slc_lang=fa&sid=1

34-704 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Arya Hamedanchi doctorarya@yahoo.com Mohammad Javad Hosseini Hamid Hamzezadeh hamid78mb@gmail.com Ayoub Nafei nafei.un@gmail.com Feresshteh Rezaie fereshte.rezaie318@gmail.com Introduction: Older adults are susceptible to infectious diseases for various reasons. Additionally, these infections mainly account for their hospitalization and visits to doctors. Parallel to this, the progressive process of antimicrobial resistance has reduced the effectiveness of antibiotics in aged individuals. One promising novel method to overcome these complications is the application of phage therapy to treat these instances of infection. In fact, phages are viruses which exclusively destroy target bacteria. The present research aims to apply a foresight method to study phage therapy in older adults. Methods: Using Horton’s foresight method, this study was conducted in 2024 in three stages: 1. Input or data collection, 2. Translation and interpretation of the initial stage results to attain a conceptualization of the future, 3. Assimilation and assessment of the concept obtained for practical application. Results: Infections constitute one of the main causes of mortality among older adults. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance against common bacteria in the elderly population, particularly in hospital acquired infections, is reported to be high. In general, laboratory evidence indicates the potential effectiveness of phage therapy against invasive bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli, which are resistant to antibiotics. Discussion: Notwithstanding the fact that due to scarcity of human studies, the application of phage therapy is limited, it could be introduced as a replacement method or together with antibiotics to curtail and treat resistant infections in older adults. It is necessary to conduct clinical trials on older adults alongside the study of phage therapy in low-risk groups. Providing the required facilities and promoting the design and development of bacteriophages in Iran through science-based and private corporations appears advisable.   older adults phage therapy infections health promotion. 2024 8 01 1 13 http://joge.ir/article-1-704-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.1

34-716 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 sahar Ghasemipour sghasemipr@yahoo.co zohreh shanazari Objectives: Physical activity and exercise as a part of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and improving the risk of related factors such as lipid profile, have always been considered. Increasing HDL and decreasing LDL, TG and cholesterol are among the strongest factors to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Aging is a complex process of physiological and social changes that lead to various diseases. The number of elderly people in the world is increasing dramatically, and it should be noted that the rapid aging of the population represents a major public health burden. The study aimed reviewing and analyzing existing studies regarding the effectiveness of different exercise training protocols on lipid profile in elderly people. methods & Materials: The present systematic review research was conducted by a comprehensive search in SID, Irandoc and Magiran databases for articles published in the last ten years. Key words "lipid profile", "aging" and "exercises" in Farsi language and the results of 18 eligible studies with 525 participants. Results: It seems that different sports exercises have a positive effect on the lipid profile of the elderly, regardless of the intensity and type of exercise. These factors are effective for the prevention and early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases Conclusion: it is suggested to use different sports exercises to improve the lipid profile in the elderly. Also, in future researches, the effect of various exercise protocols should be investigated to identify the best and most effective protocol, and more effective protocols should be introduced.   lipid profile aging exercise 2024 8 01 14 24 http://joge.ir/article-1-716-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.14

34-701 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Adibeh Barshan barshan@gmail.com Mokhtar Visani veisani@cfu.ac.ir Saeed Ahmad khosravi khosravi@gmail.com Introduction: The prevalence of psychological problems in the elderly with mild Alzheimer's is high, and interventions are needed to solve these problems. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of holographic re-entrainment therapy on the autobiographical memory of the elderly with mild Alzheimer's. Method: The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all elderly people with mild Alzheimer's disease in Qaimshahr city in 2023, 30 people (15 people from the experimental group and 15 people from the control group) were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tool was the memory experiences questionnaire of Lokti and Swain (2016). The intervention of holographic regeneration treatment was performed in 9 sessions of 90 minutes and once a week on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis using SPSS version 24 software. P level less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the autobiographical memory variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group was 87.43±10.28 in the pre-test and 131.73±12.87 in the post-test. The results of the covariance analysis also showed that the holographic resurfacing treatment had an effect on the autobiographical memory of mild Alzheimer's patients (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, holographic resurfacing therapy can be used to increase the autobiographical memory of the elderly with mild Alzheimer's.   Keywords: mild Alzheimer's holographic rebirth autobiographical memory elderly. 2024 8 01 25 32 http://joge.ir/article-1-701-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.25

34-709 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 fatemeh nazari fatemeh.nazari9299@gmail.com kazem malakouti Malakouti.k iums.ac.ir Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar pouya.farokhnezhad@yahoo.com Introduction: The possibility of problems such as isolation and loneliness become common in the elderly entering old age. Loneliness, as one of the most important psychological problems in the elderly, can have significant negative consequences on their physical and mental health. Various factors can predict the feeling of loneliness of elderly people living in nursing homes. This study aimed to determine the role of coping strategies in predicting the feeling of loneliness in older adults living in nursing homes. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study. 194 older people living in nursing homes in Shiraz city were included in the study in 1402 using the convenience sampling method. UCLA Loneliness Questionnaire, CISS Coping Strategies Questionnaire, and GDS Geriateric Depression Scale were used to collect information. Written consent was obtained from all old participants in this study. SPSS v. 23 software was used for data analysis.. Results: he mean age of the elderly participants in the study was 67.76 ± 5.46 years. Most of the elderly, women (52%), had lost their spouses. More elderly people (70.2%) experienced low loneliness (score 21-39). This study showed that most of older adults (48%) use emotion-oriented strategies. The results showed that with the increase of each score of the problem-oriented scale and the avoidance-oriented subscale, the loneliness score increased by 0.23 and 0.387 units, respectively. With the increase of each score on the emotion-oriented scale, the loneliness score decreases by 0.390 units. Conclusion: The level of loneliness in the elderly in this study was low. The problem-oriented and avoidance-oriented strategies were associated with increasing feelings of loneliness, and the emotion-oriented strategies were associated with decreasing feelings of loneliness. Planning effective interventions to reduce the feeling of loneliness in the elderly, such as teaching healthy coping strategies and promoting social support, can lead to reducing the feeling of loneliness in older adults.   aged loneliness coping strategies. 2024 8 01 33 41 http://joge.ir/article-1-709-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.33

34-714 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Razieh Aalipour razieh.aalipour1371@gmail.com Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz yabolfathi@gmail.com Shahla Pakdaman pakdaman.shahla@gmail.com Reza Faday Vatan reza1092@yahoo.com Hamidreza Asgari asgari.hr@iums.ac.ir Nasibeh Zanjari zanjari.nz@gmail.com Introduction: Ageism develops from childhood, and examining children’s attitudes towards old age can help in understanding the situation and planning for successful aging. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the content of primary school students' paintings in Izeh city to determine their attitudes towards older adults. Method: The method of this study was quantitative content analysis. First, 145 students were selected by simple random sampling method in the ages of 6–12-year-old in Izeh city in 2019. Then, 284 elderly male and female characters drawn by these students were included in the study as the analysis unit. The Danowski checklist, the Tree diagram and descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage, as well as inferential statistics such as Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of students was 9.28 (±1.85). Analysis of students' drawings showed that although more than half of the drawings (69.4%) portrayed positive stereotypes the grandparents, 88.8% of students did not like getting old and only 23.4% of students had a positive view toward old age. Logistic regression findings showed that being a boy increased the probability of portraying elderly with negative stereotypes by 5 times (OR=5.620; CI=1.34-23.63) and with increasing age more negative stereotypes were observed in students' drawings (OR=1.50; CI=1.03-2.20). Conclusion: Considering the increase of negative stereotypes among students with increasing age and also more negative stereotypes among boys, it is necessary to pay more attention to this issue in educational programming and intergenerational interventions at schools. Early intervention in childhood, can help prevent ageism in the future aging society of Iran.   Illustration content analysis students elderly attitude 2024 8 01 42 52 http://joge.ir/article-1-714-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.42

34-700 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 zana ghaderi zanaghaderi1993@yahoo.com Manuchehr Haidary mhaidary2000@yahoo.com Background : Knee osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disorder. That mainly affects the elderly population and lead to physical disorders and makes a person unable to perform functional activities. Therefore, the use of sports programs is necessary to reduce the complications caused by the disease and improve the performance of daily functional activities. This study, It was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of massage therapy along with strength training on functional problems and indicators of lower limb damage in the elderly with knee osteoarthritis.  Methods: This research was a randomized controlled trial that included 40 elderly men diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: Experimental (20 people) and control group (20 people) were included. Experimental group, A combination of massage therapy and strength training and the control group received only strength training. The exercises were performed three times a week for eight weeks. Functional problems were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). While, lower limb injury indicators were evaluated by measuring pain intensity, range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength. All data using(SPSS 26)software. The normality of the data distribution was determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the intra-group evaluation (pre-test-post-test) was performed using the paired t statistical method. The significance level of this research was considered to be  0.05. Results: The results of the present study show a significant improvement in various indicators of lower limb damage in the experimental group compared to the control group, a significant increase in the indicators of knee range of motion (0.002), functional capacity (0.001),proprioception (0.003), contraction flexion (0.001), instability (0.002), isometric strength of knee and hip joint flexors and extensors (0.003), as well as improvement in static and dynamic balance (0.001). Conclusion: The findings showed that massage therapy along with strength training is an effective method for improving functional problems, indicators of lower limb damage, reducing pain intensity, increasing range of motion and improving muscle strength. Therefore, this combined method is suggested as an effective intervention in reducing functional problems due to its low cost, availability, absence of side effects and greater effectiveness in treatment.   Massage strength training Lower extremity injury functional problems elderly osteoarthritis. 2024 8 01 53 68 http://joge.ir/article-1-700-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.53

34-713 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Arezoo Saffarian asaffarian_slp@yahoo.com Nahid Jalilevand jalilevand@gmail.com Fatemeh Mehrpour f.mehrpour1998@gmail.com Kosar Taghizadeh kosar.taghizadeh7600@gmail.com Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with a range of cognitive, sensory-motor, visual, psychological, social, and emotional symptoms. One of the challenging issues in communication is the comprehension of emotions. Impairment in the ability to comprehend the emotions of others can disrupt effective communication. Although most cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) are diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40, an increased incidence of MS in elderly individuals aged 50 and older has been reported, and advancing age in these patients is associated with greater deficits in emotional perception. However, given the limited studies conducted in this area, this research was designed to investigate prosody comprehension in Persian-speaking patients with MS. Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved 15 individuals (9 women and 6 men) with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) with a mean age of 43.7 years, and 15 neurologically healthy individuals (8 women and 7 men) serving as the control group with a mean age of 41.27 years, matched for age, gender, and education with the patient group. The tests used included the Persian version of the P-MoCA, the Persian version of the GDS, and four subtests from the Persian version of the speech pitch perception test. Findings: The results indicated significant differences between the two groups in the subtests of emotional discrimination, naming antonyms, naming emotional, and the overall score of the speech perception test (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the subtest of linguistic discrimination (P=0.073). No significant differences were observed in the mean scores of the GDS and P-MoCA tests between the two groups (P>0.05). Additionally, there was no significant correlation between the P-MoCA scores and GDS scores with the subtest scores and the overall score of pitch perception (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that patients with RRMS do not exhibit deficits in linguistic perception. Linguistic prosody is related to the linguistic features of speech. However, they demonstrated impairments in emotional perception, likely due to the involvement of regions responsible for emotion comprehension in these patients. It is noteworthy that this impairment in emotional perception was not attributed to cognitive decline or depression.   prosody comprehension multiple sclerosis emotions. 2024 8 01 69 77 http://joge.ir/article-1-713-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.69

34-711 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 afrooz abbaspour khlil ghaffari ghaffari20500@yahoo.com hasan heidari heidarihassan@yahoo.com davood taghvaei davoodtaghvaei@yahoo.com Abstract Introduction: Due to the increase in the elderly population and the need to pay attention to the psychological health issues of the elderly, including the meaning of life and the understanding of loneliness, it is important. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the adjustment model of the elderly on the meaning of life and understanding of loneliness in the elderly. Methods: This research was conducted in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection method. The design of the research was semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test and two-month followup with a control group. The statistical population included all the elderly living in old age homes in Tehran in the year 1400, of which 30 people were voluntarily selected by available sampling method and randomly placed in two groups of 15 people, test and control. The tools of the current research were the meaning of life (Steger et al., 2006) and the feeling of social and emotional loneliness (DiTomaso et al., 2004), which was implemented on the subjects in order to collect information in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. In order to analyze the data, repeated variance measurement test was used. Results: Based on the results between subjects, it can be said that in the meaning of life variable, the F value observed at the level of 0.05 shows a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, and the effect size for the meaning of life is 0.18, which indicates the average level. The effect of adjustment pattern on the meaning of life in the elderly. Also, the calculated F value is significant at the 0.05 level for the components of understanding of loneliness (P<0.05). As a result, there is a significant difference between the overall mean of the components of understanding of loneliness in the two groups of elderly adjustment training and control. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that teaching the adjustment model of the elderly should be considered as an effective intervention in improving the meaning of life and understanding the loneliness of the elderly. In other words, considering that strengthening adjustment in old age has a significant impact on improving the meaning of life and understanding of loneliness, appropriate policies and plans should be made to promote adjustment in old age. adjustment meaning of life understanding of loneliness elderly 2024 8 01 78 90 http://joge.ir/article-1-711-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.78

34-708 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Fariba Hassni hassani.fariba@gmail.com Hossein Bohloli Mehran Azadi , Parvaneh Qodsi Objectives: Paying attention to the problem of reducing chronic pain in the elderly has become an important and vital issue in the direction of life expectancy, and it seems that compassion therapy and integrated spiritual therapy can each be effective in the development of coping with pain in the elderly. Thus, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of compassion therapy and integrated spiritual therapy on coping strategies for the elderly with chronic pain. Method: The present study was applied and a semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the present study was composed of elderly people with chronic pain in the Noura Center for the Elderly located in Tehran in 1402. The number of elderly sample in the present study was 45 people (N=15 in each group) who were selected in a targeted way. The tool of the research was Rosenstein and Kief pain coping strategies questionnaire. The method of data analysis was analysis of variance with repeated measurements using spss software version 27. Results: The research results showed that compassion therapy is effective on pain coping strategies in the elderly with chronic pain (F=43.114, P<0.01) with an effect size of 53%, and spiritual integrated therapy is effective on pain coping strategies. (F=85.635, P <0.01) is effective in the elderly with chronic pain with an effect size of 69%, and there is also a difference between the effectiveness of compassion therapy and integrated spiritual therapy on coping strategies for the elderly with chronic pain (0.027= p) There is a significant difference at the error level of 0.01. Conclusion: It can be concluded that compassion therapy is more effective than spiritual integrated therapy on coping strategies for the elderly with chronic pain.   compassion therapy elderly coping with pain integrated spiritual therapy 2024 8 01 91 101 http://joge.ir/article-1-708-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.91

34-702 2026-09-09 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2024 9 3 Atena sadat Hashemi Fesharaki atenafesharaki@yahoo.com Seyedeh Marzieh Tabaeian Sm.Tabaeian@khuisf.ac.ir Samar Haghighi Boroojeni haghighi.samar@khuisf.ac.ir Maryam pourshams drpourshams@gmail.com Introduction:Due to the phenomenon of population aging and the trend of family size reduction, care centers for the elderly are more visible. Therefore, the impact of the living environment in the public space on the quality of life of the elderly from the objective and subjective perspective, due to the various aspects of the quality of life and the many needs of the elderly, such as physical and mental, has been investigated less than the perspective of the theorists of the quality of life, such as the ventegodt quality of life model. Methodology: The present research is quantitative and qualitative. In the qualitative section, based on theoretical studies, the components of environmental quality have been extracted using the method of qualitative content analysis. And in the quantitative section, using a questionnaire, the components of the qualitative section were measured in the care center for the elderly. Also, the analysis of the findings has been done using spss software as a survey and confirmatory factor analysis. And it was done by experts in order to match the components of environment quality with ventegodt quality of life model. Findings: It indicates that four components including: permeability, legibility, flexibility and safety and security affect the objective and subjective quality of life in the physical environment of the maintenance center. Also, the component of permeability and flexibility on meeting needs; readability component on well-being and happiness; The component of safety and security is related to the well-being and biological balance from the sub-branches of  ventegodt quality of life model. Conclusion: Since the results showed, the components of the quality of the environment, in order of priority, include: the component of safety and security according to the safety standards on the correct implementation in construction; readability component considering signs in the environment; flexibility component by changing the space structure to respond to needs; The component of permeability by facilitating movement in the environment has an impact on the quality of life of the elderly from the perspective of the objective and subjective dimensions based on the ventegodt quality of life model. Quality of life-elderly-care center-environment-architecture 2024 8 01 102 119 http://joge.ir/article-1-702-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.9.3.102