2026-06-18T09:18:30+03:30 http://joge.ir/browse.php?mag_id=36&slc_lang=fa&sid=1

36-722 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 fateme ghasemi GHASEMIF731@GMAIL.COM Saeid Karimi Marzieh Javadi Introduction: Considering the rapid increase in the number of elderly people and the lack of infrastructure to provide services to this group, all responsible organizations, in collaboration with the elderly and their families, must set a strategic goal and purposefully guide the community towards community-based care. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the challenges of underdeveloped elderly day care centers and providing management solutions for the development of these centers. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2023 through interviews with 13 experts and managers in the field of aging in the city of Isfahan. For this purpose, a review of the literature related to the research topic was conducted, and in consultation with the supervising and advising professors, semi-structured interview questions were designed to identify the relevant themes of the research objective. After data collection, the data were analyzed using MAXQDA10 software. Result: Ultimately, 203 semantic codes and 10 subcategories were identified, and finally, 5 main categories. Financial challenges, challenges in human resource provision, the impact of COVID-19 on elderly day care centers, cultural and social challenges of elderly day care centers. Conclusion: With proper planning and the involvement of stakeholders and decision-makers in the field of aging, the results of this research can be utilized to advance the development of senior day care centers and prevent future crises and challenges related to aging. Adult Daycare center challenge aged 2025 3 01 1 9 http://joge.ir/article-1-722-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.1

36-729 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Elham Mohammadi e.mohammadi1986@gmail.com Mohammad Hashemi mohamad.hashemi.new@gmail.com Introduction: Nursing homes provide a variety of services, including mental health services and social work to the older adults. Since these services, unlike medical services, are of subjective nature, how service providers perceive and give meaning to their services, beyond organizational guidelines, provides a more realistic understanding of psychosocial services. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the nature and process of psychosocial services based on the perceptions of service providers to the elderly.  Methods: The research method was qualitative. The study population was all psychosocial service providers in nursing homes in Tehran in 2023.  By using purposive sampling, 18 psychologists and social workers who had at least one year of experience in nursing homes were semi-structurally interviewed and then concepts and categories were extracted using thematic analysis. Findings: Data analysis showed that, regarding the service providers' understanding of the nature of psychosocial services, three themes and 11 concepts were obtained, which were: maintaining social bonds, protecting psycho-cognitive function, and involving the family. The process of providing psychosocial services also included three themes and 11 concepts. The themes were: psycho-cultural assessment, personalizing services that are essentially the same with physical priority over psychological, and considering interactions with the elderly. Conclusion: The results showed that although maintaining the social interactions of the older adults is important, provision of psychosocial services is mainly aimed at adjustment of the older adults to the nursing home environment, and physical rehabilitation is still prioritized over psychosocial rehabilitation.   aged Nursing Home Psychosocial Services. 2025 3 01 10 23 http://joge.ir/article-1-729-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.10

36-730 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Zahra mansour moghaddam mansor@gmail.com Somayeh Hadad ranjbar roosta@gmail.com Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Introduction: The prevalence of psychological problems in elderly Parkinson's patients is high, and interventions are needed to alleviate these problems. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression in elderly Parkinson's patients. Methods: The research method was a quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with Parkinson's disease with anxiety and depression who referred to psychiatric and psychological centers in Yazd in 2023, of which 30 people (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) were selected by convenience sampling. The data collection tools were Beck Anxiety Inventory (1961) and Beck Depression Inventory (1961). Mindfulness-based therapy intervention was performed in 12 sessions of 20 to 90 minutes, twice a week, on the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed using descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and analysis of covariance using SPSS version 24. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the anxiety variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group before the test was 93.36±17.77 and after the test was 73.13±11.77, and in the depression variable, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental group before the test was 67.30±13.95 and after the test was 80.20±4.02. (P <0.01). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, mindfulness-based therapy can be used to reduce anxiety and depression in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease.   Keywords: Mindfulness Anxiety Depression Parkinson's Elderly. 2025 3 01 24 32 http://joge.ir/article-1-730-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.24

36-732 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Faezeh Sadeghi f.sadeghi7696@gmail.com Ghanber Roohi roohi-43@yahoo.com Hamideh Mancheri hamideh.mancheri@yahoo.com Naser Behnampoor naser.behnampour@gmail.com Mahbobeh brojerdi brogerdimahboobeh@gmail.com Aging is associated with physical, social and psychological changes, and the feeling of loneliness is one of the characteristics of the old age that can cause disturbances in the nutrition of the elderly. This research aims to relate social isolation with the risk of malnutrition in the elderly under the comprehensive health centers of Gorgan It was done in 1401-1402. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach in 1402-1401. The research population was the elderly covered by comprehensive health centers in Gorgan city, who were selected by simple random method without placement in the number of 120 samples. To collect data, social isolation (Luben) and malnutrition (MNA) questionnaires were used. SPSS version 20 software and Fisher-Pearson's exact chi-square tests at 95% confidence level were used for data analysis. Findings: The results showed that the rate of social isolation of the elderly is 4.9% and the rate of malnutrition in the elderly is 12.9% and 21.5% are at risk of malnutrition. No significant difference was found between malnutrition and social isolation of the elderly (P=0.381), there was no significant relationship between demographic variables (gender, level of education, marriage, ethnicity, illness, occupation, illness) with social isolation and malnutrition. (P>0.05). Conclusion: Although the results of this study showed that there is no significant relationship between social isolation and malnutrition in the elderly, a significant proportion of the elderly were malnourished, and since nutrition is an important factor for enjoying a quality life. It seems that the attention of the planners in the field of aging can improve the life of the elderly. Malnutrition Social isolation Old age 2025 3 01 33 42 http://joge.ir/article-1-732-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.33

36-706 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Sahar Saeid www.saeidisahar67@gmail.com Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar pouyafarokhnezhad@yahoo.com kazem malakouti malakoutik@gmail.com Introduction: The aging population is increasing rapidly in the world. Frailty is one of the most important problems in older adults. Frailty can be prevented by identifying risk factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine The relationship between frailty and polypharmacy in community-dwelling older adults in Izeh City in 2023. Method: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. 210 elderly people participated in this study. Sampling was done using the accessible method from the elderly referred to the comprehensive urban health center in Izeh city who met the entry criteria in 1402. Data were collected using the Tilburg Frailty Index (TFI) and polypharmacy. SPSS version 24 computer software was used for data analysis. Results: The average age of the participants was 72.12 ± 4.5, of which 110 were women and 100 were men. The number of non-frail elderly was 135 and the frail elderly was 75. Age was the only variable that was able to predict frailty in older adults (age groups 75-85 years (β = 1.4, P = 0.005) and over 85 years (β = 2.4, P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The findings showed that old age increases the level of vulnerability and polypharmacy had no significant relationship with vulnerability. Therefore, the health system should consider screening and necessary interventions for the elderly. Aged frailty polypharmcy 2025 3 01 43 51 http://joge.ir/article-1-706-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.43

36-734 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Somayeh Fakorian sh.fa.7020@gmail.com Ali Fakorian ali.fakorian@gmail.com Introduction: “Given the increasing population of elderly individuals and the various psychological challenges they face, such as feelings of loneliness and anxiety stemming from rejection, there is a growing necessity to focus on effective intervention methods. Mindfulness, as a psychological technique, can help individuals engage with their emotions and thoughts in a more constructive manner. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness on loneliness, sensitivity to rejection, and rumination in the elderl Methods:The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness on loneliness, sensitivity to rejection, and rumination in the elderly. The research method was semi-experimental, utilizing a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all elderly individuals residing in government-run nursing homes. Using a convenience sampling method, 50 individuals were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 participants) and a control group (15 participants). Data were collected using the Ruminative Response Scale by Nolen-Hoeksema (1991), the Russell Loneliness Scale (1980), and the Downey and Feldman Sensitivity to Rejection Scale (1996). The mindfulness program was implemented for the experimental group over eight 90-minute sessions, once a week. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance with SPSS version 26. Results:The results indicated that mindfulness training significantly affected loneliness, sensitivity to rejection, and rumination in the elderly, and this effect remained significant during the follow-up period (P < 0.001). Conclusions:Therefore, based on the findings, it can be concluded that these results emphasize the importance of utilizing mindfulness techniques to enhance the mental health of the elderly and can serve as a foundation for designing effective intervention programs for this age group.   Mindfulness Loneliness Sensitivity to Rejection Rumination Elderly 2025 3 01 52 62 http://joge.ir/article-1-734-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.52

36-744 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Sanaz Zamani razirazi1402@gmail.com Azar Kiamarsi a.kiamarsi52@gmail.com Maryam Mousavi mehnooshtehrani61@gmail.com Leila Moqaddar ezadimehnoosh@gmail.com Introduction: The aging population is increasingly recognized as a significant demographic that requires focused attention in mental health research and interventions.The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on social functioning and emotional well-being in the elderly. Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up, including a control group. The statistical population consisted of all depressed elderly individuals with a history of trauma residing in Qazvin in the year 1402 (2023). The sample included 20 depressed elderly individuals with a history of trauma, identified based on a cutoff score of 21 on the Beck Depression Inventory and a cutoff score of 4 or higher on the Walker and Stang (1987) Elderly Questionnaire, along with clinical interviews. Participants were matched by gender and assigned to either the reminiscence therapy group or the control group (10 individuals in each group). The study utilized the social functioning questionnaire developed by Farokhnia et al. (2017) and the emotional well-being questionnaire by Keyes et al. (2003). The experimental group received 12 sessions of Butler’s reminiscence therapy. Data analysis was conducted using repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS-26 software. Results: The results indicated that reminiscence therapy had a significant effect on social functioning and emotional well-being (P < 0.001), and this effect remained stable during the follow-up period. Conclusions: This research underscores the importance of reminiscence therapy as an effective method for improving the psychological and social status of depressed elderly individuals and suggests that this approach should be incorporated into therapeutic programs for this age group.   reminiscence therapy social functioning emotional well-being elderly 2025 3 01 63 73 http://joge.ir/article-1-744-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.63

36-739 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Soraya Mansouri 13soraya50@gmail.com mousa Kafi mosakafi@guilan.ac.ir Abbas Abolghasemi abolghasemi1344guilan.ac.ir Introduction: The population of Iran is rapidly moving towards aging. The elderly are one of the most important groups at risk of physical and mental injuries. The aim of this study was to compare the physical and mental health of the elderly with and without married children. Methods:  The research was conducted in a descriptive causal-comparative manner. The statistical population included the elderly who referred to retirement centers in Rasht in the spring of 2024. The research sample consisted of 312 people in two groups (149 people with married children and 163 people without married children). The physical health scale of Weir & Sherborne's Quality of Life Questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-test using SPSS 24 software. Results:  The results showed that there was no difference in physical health and mental health between the two groups of elderly people with and without married children. However, in the secondary findings in physical health between the sexes, men had higher physical health than women. Also, in the mental health subscales, men were better off than women in the two components of physical symptoms and anxiety. Conclusion: According to the findings of the study that elderly women were in a lower state of physical and mental health than men, prevention and empowerment are recommended, especially for elderly women.   Child Marriage Aging Physical Health Mental Health 2025 3 01 74 84 http://joge.ir/article-1-739-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.74

36-740 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 fatemeh shooshtari hasan daneshmandi danehsmandi_ph@yahoo.com farzaneh saki f-saki@basu.ac.ir Introduction: As the aging population continues to grow, there is an increasing concern regarding the decline in functionality and physical performance among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of multi-system training on key aspects of physical health in elderly women, specifically focusing on proprioception, balance, lower-limb muscle strength, and reaction time. Methods: Thirty elderly women were recruited as accessible samples and randomly assigned into two groups: a multi-system training group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). Initial assessments of proprioception, balance, lower limb muscle strength, and reaction time were conducted at the beginning of the first week of an eight-week intervention period. The multi-system training group followed a specific training protocol over the eight weeks, while the control group did not engage in any structured exercise. At the end of the eight-week period, post-test assessments were conducted. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and paired samples t-tests for within-group comparisons (p≤0.05). Results: The multi-system training demonstrated significant improvements in proprioception, balance, lower limb muscle strength, and reaction time after eight weeks (p≤0.05). Compared to the control group, significant differences were observed in most of the assessed parameters (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that multi-system exercises, which incorporate a combination of tailored and specialized activities for the elderly, effectively enhance critical components of physical health, including proprioception, balance, muscle strength, and reaction time to random stimuli. It is recommended that these exercises be integrated into specialized training programs for elderly populations. Introduction: As the aging population continues to grow, there is an increasing concern regarding the decline in functionality and physical performance among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of multi-system training on key aspects of physical health in elderly women, specifically focusing on proprioception, balance, lower-limb muscle strength, and reaction time. Methods: Thirty elderly women were recruited as accessible samples and randomly assigned into two groups: a multi-system training group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). Initial assessments of proprioception, balance, lower limb muscle strength, and reaction time were conducted at the beginning of the first week of an eight-week intervention period. The multi-system training group followed a specific training protocol over the eight weeks, while the control group did not engage in any structured exercise. At the end of the eight-week period, post-test assessments were conducted. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and paired samples t-tests for within-group comparisons (p≤0.05). Results: The multi-system training demonstrated significant improvements in proprioception, balance, lower limb muscle strength, and reaction time after eight weeks (p≤0.05). Compared to the control group, significant differences were observed in most of the assessed parameters (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that multi-system exercises, which incorporate a combination of tailored and specialized activities for the elderly, effectively enhance critical components of physical health, including proprioception, balance, muscle strength, and reaction time to random stimuli. It is recommended that these exercises be integrated into specialized training programs for elderly populations.   Multi-System Training Proprioception Balance Elderly Women 2025 3 01 85 98 http://joge.ir/article-1-740-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.85

36-738 2026-06-18 10.1002

Journal of Gerontology joge 2476-7301 2476-7301 10.22034/joge 2025 10 1 Reza Mirzaei Ahmad Heidari Ali Emami Samaneh Pasandideh Introduction: With the increasing elderly population in the world and Iran, improving their quality of life is of great importance. Residential satisfaction is a key factor in enhancing the quality of life for the elderly, influenced by factors such as the physical environment, healthcare services, social support, social and recreational activities, and physical and mental health, which have varying impacts in different urban contexts. The aim of this study is to examine the factors affecting residential satisfaction among elderly residents in the central and developed urban areas of Bojnord in the year 2024. Methods: The present study employs a mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were converted into a 38-item questionnaire. In the quantitative section, a causal-comparative method was used to examine the impact of two types of urban contexts (central and developed) on the residential satisfaction of 120 elderly residents. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and data analysis was performed using SPSS. The normality of the data was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and both parametric and non-parametric tests were used for analysis. The significance level for all tests was set at 0.05. Results: This study, by examining elderly residents (53.3% women and 46.7% men) in two urban contexts of Bojnord, found that satisfaction with the physical environment and physical-mental health was significantly higher in the central area compared to the developed area. However, differences in healthcare services, social support, and recreational activities were not significant. Friedman analysis showed that the physical environment and physical-mental health had the highest priority, while social-recreational activities had the lowest priority in both urban contexts. Conclusion: he results of the study show that elderly residents in the central area of Bojnord have a better sense of satisfaction with the physical environment and physical-mental health compared to those in the developed area. Additionally, in both environments, they give the highest priority to the quality of the physical environment and their physical-mental health.   Aged Residential Satisfaction Developed Area Central Area 2025 3 01 99 108 http://joge.ir/article-1-738-en.pdf 10.22034/JOGE.10.1.99