fa ارتباط شادکامی و اعتماد به نفس با سلامت معنوی در سالمندان شهر گناباد مسائل ذهنی و روانشناختی سالمندان Eldely mental and psychological issues پژوهشي اصیل Original research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توجه به سلامت سالمندان از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. سلامت معنوی به عنوان بعد چهارم سلامت و شادکامی و اعتماد به نفس به عنوان مولفه‌های مهم در سلامت روان، تاثیر بسیار مهمی در سلامت <span style="color:black">کلی </span>سالمندان دارند، لذا این پژوهش با هدف تعیین رابطه بین شادکامی، اعتماد به نفس و سلامت معنوی در سالمندان شهر گناباد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در <span style="color:black">سال 1402 </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">انجام شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش‌: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پژوهش حاضر مطالعه‌ای توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است. 213 نفر از سالمندان تحت پوشش </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مراکز خدمات جامع سلامت شهرستان گناباد، به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از فرم اطلاعات دموگرافیک و سه پرسشنامه شادکامی آکسفورد، اعتماد به نفس روزنبرگ و سلامت معنوی سالمندان ایرانی عجم زیبد جمع‌آوری شدند. برای <span style="color:black">تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها </span>از نرم افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">SPSS</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نسخه 20 و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و اسپیرمن در سطح معنی داری کمتر از 05/0 استفاده شد.</span></span></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته‌ها: </span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">میانگین سنی شرکت‌کنندگان 20/6 </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black">&plusmn; </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">14/66 بود، 84% </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">متاهل و</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">2/%74 با‌سواد،</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بودند. (2/50 %) 107 نفر زن و (8/49 %) 106 نفر مرد بودند.</span></span></span></span><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">میانگین </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نمره شادکامی 13/12 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 33/46 (در حد متوسط)، اعتماد به نفس 28/3 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 38/5 (در حد بالا) و سلامت معنوی 24/7 </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 16/88 (در حد بالا) گزارش شد. نتایج نشان داد بین هر سه متغیر ارتباط مثبت و معناداری وجود داشت (</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">001/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P<</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)، بطوریکه با افزایش سلامت معنوی؛ شادکامی و اعتماد به نفس واحدهای پژوهش نیز افزایش می‌یافت.</span></span></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">بحث:</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، سیاستگذاران و برنامه‌ریزان سلامت با طراحی مداخلاتی که سبب افزایش </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">سلامت معنوی شود، می‌توانند به افزایش شادکامی، اعتماد به نفس و در نهایت سلامت عمومی سالمندان اقدام نمایند.</span></span></span></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:18.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Attending to the health of the elderly is of paramount importance. Spiritual health, as the fourth dimension of health, and happiness and self-esteem, as important components in mental health, have a very significant impact on the overall health of the elderly. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between happiness, self-esteem, and spiritual health in the elderly of Gonabad city in 2023.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Method:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The present research is a descriptive study of the correlational type. 213 elderly people covered by the comprehensive health service centers of Gonabad city were selected by simple random sampling. The research data were collected using a demographic information form and three questionnaires: the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Iranian Spiritual Health of the Elderly questionnaire developed by Ajam Zeebad. To analyze the data, SPSS software version 20, Pearson&#39;s correlation coefficient, and Spearman&#39;s correlation coefficient were used at a significance level of less than 0.05.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Findings:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The average age of the participants was 66.14 &plusmn; 6.20 years, 84% were married, and 74.2% were literate. 107 (50.2%) were women and 106 (49.8%) were men. The average score of happiness was 46.33 &plusmn; 12.13 (moderate), self-esteem was 38.5 &plusmn; 3.28 (high), and spiritual health was 88.16 &plusmn; 7.24 (high). The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between all three variables (P<0.001), such that with the increase of spiritual health, the happiness and self-esteem of the research units also increased.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Discusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> According to the results of the research, health policymakers and planners, by designing interventions that increase spiritual health, can take steps to increase happiness, self-esteem, and ultimately the general health of the elderly.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; سالمند؛ سلامت معنوی؛ شادکامی؛ اعتماد به نفس Aged, Spiritual Health, Happiness, Self-Esteem 0 0 http://joge.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-936-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Matineh Khoshkhoo متینه خوشخو khoshkhoo.m@gmu.ac.ir 10031947532846009681 10031947532846009681 No Department of Aging Health, School of Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Seyyed Ezzeddin Mahmoudi سید عزالدین محمودی ezzaddinmahmoudi7785@gmail.com 10031947532846009682 10031947532846009682 No Student Research Committee, School of Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد Hosein AjamZibad حسین عجم زیبد moallef@gmail.com 10031947532846009683 10031947532846009683 Yes Department of Aging Health, School of Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد