|
The Relationship between Happiness and Self-Confidence with Spiritual Health among Elderly in Gonabad City
|
Matineh Khoshkhoo   , Seyyed Ezzeddin Mahmoudi , Hosein AjamZibad * |
| Department of Aging Health, School of Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran |
|
|
Abstract: (22 Views) |
Introduction: Attending to the health of the elderly is of paramount importance. Spiritual health, as the fourth dimension of health, and happiness and self-esteem, as important components in mental health, have a very significant impact on the overall health of the elderly. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between happiness, self-esteem, and spiritual health in the elderly of Gonabad city in 2023.
Method: The present research is a descriptive study of the correlational type. 213 elderly people covered by the comprehensive health service centers of Gonabad city were selected by simple random sampling. The research data were collected using a demographic information form and three questionnaires: the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Iranian Spiritual Health of the Elderly questionnaire developed by Ajam Zeebad. To analyze the data, SPSS software version 20, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used at a significance level of less than 0.05.
Findings: The average age of the participants was 66.14 ± 6.20 years, 84% were married, and 74.2% were literate. 107 (50.2%) were women and 106 (49.8%) were men. The average score of happiness was 46.33 ± 12.13 (moderate), self-esteem was 38.5 ± 3.28 (high), and spiritual health was 88.16 ± 7.24 (high). The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between all three variables (P<0.001), such that with the increase of spiritual health, the happiness and self-esteem of the research units also increased.
Discusion: According to the results of the research, health policymakers and planners, by designing interventions that increase spiritual health, can take steps to increase happiness, self-esteem, and ultimately the general health of the elderly.
|
|
| Keywords: Aged, Spiritual Health, Happiness, Self-Esteem |
|
|
|
Type of Study: Original research |
Subject:
Eldely mental and psychological issues
Received: 2026/06/8 | Accepted: 2026/04/30 | Published: 2026/04/30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Send email to the article author |
|
|
|
| Add your comments about this article |
|
|
|
